SHEL模式在检验科血源性感染管理中的应用

Application of SHEL model in management of blood-borne infections in medical laboratory

目的采用SHEL(S软件部分,H硬件部分,E临床环境,L当事人及他人)事故分析法分析检验科血源性感染发生的原因,为医院管理层制定相应的管理制度、防护措施及应急处理方案提供参考。方法查阅近年来医院检验科职业危害相关统计资料,采用SHEL模式进行系统分析;根据分析结果,着力从提高工作人员血源性感染方面的认知、改善检验科结构布局、加强和完善血源性感染管理制度、当事人个体原因4个方面实施防范措施。结果 2001年1月-2008年1月检验科血源性感染发生率为8.5%,实施针对性防范措施后,感染率为3.2%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用SHEL模式分析医院感染发生的原因,并制定行之有效的措施,对减少检验科血源性感染的发生有着积极的意义。

OBJECTIVE To explore the causes of blood-borne nosocomial infections in medical laboratory and effect of SHEL model on the management of blood-borne infections control so as to provide reference for developing management system, protective measures and the emergency response program. METHODS The clinical data of blood-borne nosocomial infections in clinical laboratories in recent years were analyzed with SHEL model. A series of corresponding preventive measures including the improvement of the awareness of blood-borne infections and the layout of the clinical laboratories, enhancement of the management system and the individual causes were carried 4 out in accordance with the results. RESULTS The incidence rate of blood-borne infections in clinical laboratories was 8.5% from Jan 2001 to Jan 2008, 3.2 % after implementing the targeted preventive measures, the differences were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION To develop the feasible and effective measures with SHEL model for the analysis of the causes of nosocomial infections has positive significance in the reduction of blood- borne infections in clinical laboratories.