呼吸道感染患儿肺炎支原体的检出率分析

Detection rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniaecausing respiratory tract infections

目的对呼吸道感染者进行肺炎支原体(MP)抗体检测,调查该地区肺炎支原体感染与患儿性别、年龄和季节的关系。方法采用MP抗体检测试剂,对2010年3月-2011年2月在医院就诊的2139例呼吸道感染者进行肺炎支原体IgM抗体的检测。结果在2139例患儿中,检出MP抗体阳性637例,阳性率为29.78%;男性阳性率为27.46%,女性为34.52%,全年均可发病,但以春夏季节为高,4个季节阳性率依次为40.21%、37.54%、21.45%、14.94%;各年龄组间,以<1岁组最低,为5.52%,1～3岁和4～6岁组最高,分别为40.65%和43.14%;对呼吸道感染者进行MP抗体检测,支气管炎MP感染阳性率最高,达35.24%,肺炎MP感染阳性率其次,占28.35%。结论该地区呼吸道感染患者中MP感染率较高,性别间阳性率差异有统计学意义;各年龄组均有感染,以1～3岁和4～6岁组感染率最高;季节以春夏季感染率最高;支气管炎MP感染阳性率最高。

OBJECTIVE To detect Mycoplasma pneumonia （MP） antibody for the patients with respiratory tract infections and investigate the relationship between MP infections and the genders, ages and seasons. METHODS From Mar 2010 to Feb 2011, a total of 2139 patients with respiratory tract infections were performed for the detection of MP IgM antibodies by adopting MP antibody test reagents. RESULTS Of 2139 cases of patients, MP antibodies were detected in 637 cases with the positive rate of 29.78%; the positive rate of the male was 27.46%, 34.52% for female, the incidence was in all year round, but spring and summer were the high seasons. The positive rates in spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 40. 21%, 37. 54%, 21. 45%, and 14. 94%, respectively; of all the age groups, the incidence of the group with less than 1 year old was the lowest （5.52%）, while the group with 1 to 3 years old and the group with 4 to 6 years old were with the highest, 40.65% and 43.14%, respectively. As for MP antibody test for respiratory tract infections, the rate of bronchitis MP infection was highest, reaching to 35.24%, followed by MP pneumonia infection （28.35%）. CONCLUSION The incidence of MP infection is high in patients with respiratory tract infections, the difference in the positive rate between the genders is statistically significant; the infection rates of the group aged 1--3 years old and the group aged 4--6 years old are the highest; the infection rates were highest in spring and summer; the positive rate of bronchitis MP infection was the highest.