2007-2010年上海市松江区哨点医院首诊伤害流行趋势分析

Analysis of epidemiological trend of injury cases treated for the first time in sentinel hospitals in Songjiang District of Shanghai City,2007-2010

目的了解上海市松江区伤害流行特征及其变化趋势,为制定有效的综合干预措施提供科学依据。方法收集2007年1月1日～2010年12月31日,到松江区3家综合性医院及14家社区卫生服务中心所有相关科室就诊,且被诊断为伤害的首诊病例的伤害监测报告卡,参照世界卫生组织WHO伤害监测指南分类标准进行归类和统计分析。结果松江区哨点医院伤害病例逐年增加,共收集伤害报告卡256 686例。男女性别比为1.92∶1,性别比差距逐年减小(P<0.001);伤害年龄分布集中在25～44岁的青壮年劳动人群(40.19%);伤害病例的常见职业为生产运输设备操作人员及有关人员(26.53%)、商业/服务业人员(19.73%)、专业技术人员(14.25%);每年导致伤害发生的前3位原因依次为物体/器具机械性作用(包括钝器伤、锐器伤、火器伤)(39.46%)、跌倒/坠落(35.24%)、交通伤害(18.33%);伤害者户籍构成中,外省市伤害例数呈递增趋势,并于2010年达到最高(61.87%);伤害意图以非故意伤害为主(92.46%),逐年递增,而自残/自杀伤害及故意伤害呈逐年递减趋势(P<0.001)。结论松江区伤害病例前3位原因为物体/器具机械性作用、跌倒/坠落、交通伤害,常见职业为生产运输设备操作人员及有关人员、商业/服务业人员、专业技术人员,非故意伤害为今后松江区伤害防治的重点。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and its trend of injury in Songjiang District for providing the bases to prevent and control the occurrence of injury.Methods According to WHO standards,the medical history of injury cases treated in 3 hospitals and 14 community service centers for the first time in Songjiang District from January 1st,2007 to December 31st,2010 were collected,and then analyzed.Results Songjiang District injury case increased year after year.A total of 256 686 injury cases were analyzed,the male to female ratio was 1.92∶1 and reduced year by year（P〈0.001）.The largest proportion of injured people was 25-44 year in age（40.19%）.The common occupation were transport equipment operators and related workers（26.53%）,business or servers personnel（19.73%） and professional and technical personnel（14.25%）.Each year the top three causes of injury were objects/appliance mechanical accident（including sharp injury,blunt injury and firearms hurt）（39.46%）,falls（35.24%）,and traffic accident（18.33%）.The annual proportion of other provinces and cities injury was ever increasing from 2007 to 2010,and reached a high level in 2010（61.87%）.Most of them were unintentional hurt（92.46%） and ever increased,while assault and self-inflicted violence decreased from 2007 to 2010.Conclusions The top three causes of injury in Songjiang District were the objects/appliance mechanical accident,followed by falls and traffic accidents;the main occupation were transport equipment operators and related workers,business or servers personnel and professional and technical personnel;unintentional injury should be the priority list for preventing and controlling in Songjiang District.