科举制度的废除与绅士阶层的分化

On Abolition of the Imperial Examination System and the Polarization of Gentry' Class

清末科举制度的废除对中国政治、社会、文化产生了多方面影响,尤其直接改变了中国社会阶级结构。科举制度是士绅阶层存在的支柱,而科举制度的停废,意味着其原有阶层流动的渠道不再畅通,于是绅士便分流到新式教育、经济、军事等各个部门,绅士的社会角色和价值观念发生了空前的变动。但是,作为统治中国社会特权等级阶层的绅士地位和身份的变化对清末民初的社会产生了深远的影响。

In the late Qing dynasty, the abolition of the imperial examination system influenced Chinese politics, society and cul- ture, especially directly changing Chinese social class structure. The imperial examination system is the pillar of the gentry＇ class＇ existence and the stopping and wasting of imperial examination system means that the original flow channel is no longer unimpeded, and then gentry class went to the latest education, economic, military, and so on each department. The social role and value of the gentry class experienced unprecedented change. As the privilege level class, the change of status and identify had far - reaching influence on the society in the late Qing dynasty.