“原+职务名词”与“前+职务名词”辨析

Analysis the Differences between “Yuan + Official Titles” and “Qian + Official Titles”

类前缀"原/前"都能用在职务名词前起到标示"非在任"的意义。二者在使用倾向上有一系列的差异。在介绍普通级别职务时,"原"一般多于"前";如果被介绍人是非正常不在任(如牺牲、受纪律处分等)或者是基层级别职务时,"原"多于"前"的现象尤其明显。当介绍领导人级别或国外重要级别的职务时,"前"要多于"原"。客观的实际要求、主观的政治心理、媒体的导向作用和内部的语义差异是导致二者语用分化的关键。

Abstract：The quasiprefixes ＂yuan＂ and ＂qian＂ can both be used before official titles, meaning ＂not in office＂. However, there are a series of differences between them. ＂Yuan＂ is used more often when we refer to someone with a normal rank. This is even more the case if the person referred to is out of office for unexpected reasons （such as death or disciplinary actions） or if his position was junior. ＂Qian＂ is used more often when we refer to Party and state leaders or foreign VIPs. The objective actual needs, the subjective political psychology, the influence of the media and the internal semantic differences are the key factors that cause the pragmatic differences between these two quasiprefixes.