火龙果不同发育期果实营养成分的动态变化

Dynamic Changes of Nutrition Composition of Pitaya Fruits in Different Growth Period

为给火龙果果实的合理采收及优质丰产栽培提供科学依据,测定了火龙果果实不同时期总糖、总酸、维生素C、可溶性固形物和花色苷的含量。结果表明:火龙果果实在发育期总糖含量和可溶性固形物先升高后下降,总酸、维生素C和花色苷的含量在发育期不断升高并于成熟期前后达最高值;采摘后总糖、维生素C和花色苷均逐渐下降,总酸先下降后上升;火龙果果实的最佳采收期为谢花后25～30d,其常温保质期约9d。

The contents of total sugar, total acid, total soluble solid（TSS）, vitamin C and anthocyanin of pitaya fruits in different growth period were determined to provide a scientific basis for rational harvesting, high quality and yield cultivation of pitaya fruits. The results showed that the content of total sugar and total soluble solid（TSS） in pitaya fruits first increased and then decreased through the growth period. The contents of total acid, vitamin C and anthocyanin increased gradually and reached the highest value at maturity before or after. The contents of total sugar, vitamin C and anthocyanin decreased gradually after picked, while that of total acid first decreased and then increased. The optimal harvest time of pitaya fruits was 25-30 days after blossom fall. Its shelf-life at room temperature was about nine days.