华南十大功劳提取物抑菌活性初步研究

The Preliminary Research of Antimicrobial Activity of Extract from Mahonia japonica

以超声提取和索氏提取方法,比较华南十大功劳叶和茎提取物经不同溶剂和不同极性萃取物萃取的抑菌活性大小。结果表明,叶和茎均含有抑菌活性物质,而叶的抑菌效果更强;索氏提取物与超声提取抑菌效果差异不大;华南十大功劳提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、枯草杆菌、藤黄球菌、白色念珠菌的最低抑菌浓度分别为0.6 g/mL、1.0 g/mL、0.8 g/mL、1.0 g/mL、2.0 g/mL;其最小杀菌浓度均为2.0 g/mL,但其对黑曲霉没有抑制作用;不同溶剂提取物中,无水甲醇溶液提取物具有最佳抑菌效果。提取物易溶解于极性萃取物。5种敏感菌对华南十大功劳提取物的敏感性由强到弱依次为:金黄色葡萄球菌菌>枯草杆菌>藤黄球菌>大肠杆菌>白色念珠菌。

Through the bacteriostatic test of extract from Mahoniajaponica, one of medical plants. The result are as follows. Different substances were extracted with different extracting methods of Ultrasonic and Soxhlet in different solution and in different polar solvent. To get the antibacterial and antifungal activity by suppression of bacterial ring method and including poison of medium. The antimicrobial substance exists in the stems and leaves, and leaves is obvious; there is a little difference on extracting methods of Ultrasonic and Soxhlet. The minimal inhibitory concentration of the extract on Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis , Micrococcus luteus, Monilia albicans are 0.6 g/mL, 1.0 g/mL, 0.8 g/mL, 1.0 g/mL, 2.0 g/mL respectively; the minimal bactericidal concentration all are 2.0 g/mL; but it is ineffective on Aspergillus niger;the optimum antibacterial effect of the solvent should be Methanol. The bacteriostatic test by different polar solvent shows that the antibacterial substance easily dissolved in nonpolar solvent such as petroleum ether, ethyl ether. The bacterial and fungal of antimicrobial experiment have a wide disparity in sensibility as follows： S. aureus 〉 B. subtilis 〉 M. luteus 〉 E. coli 〉 M. albicans, and it is no sensitive to Aspergillus niger.