萧山区环境空气质量变化及其影响因素分析

Analysis on the variation trend and influence factor of ambient air quality in Xiaoshan district

利用杭州市萧山区环境空气的监测资料,采用空气综合污染指数、空气污染指数(API)、Daniel趋势检验等评价和分析方法,研究了萧山区"十一五"期间(2005—2010年)环境空气质量的变化趋势及其影响因素。结果显示:(1)PM10是萧山区环境空气中的首要污染物。SO2、PM10浓度以及空气综合污染指数先升高后降低,总体呈现不显著下降趋势,整体环境空气质量在2007年后逐年改善。(2)空气中NO2污染负荷系数逐年上升,NO2/SO2和污染物相关性分析结果表明,萧山区空气污染特征正处于由煤烟型向汽车尾气型转变的初期阶段。(3)萧山区月均API呈现出7-9月<4-6月<1-3月<10-12月的变化特征。(4)在持续快速增长、能源消耗逐年增加的情况下,萧山区环境空气质量的改善说明节能减排、产业升级、污染源综合治理、能源清洁使用等措施对改善环境空气质量起到了关键作用。

The environmental monitoring data of air pollutants in Xiaoshan district during ＂11th Five-Year Plan＂ period （from 2005 to 2010） were evaluated by air quality comprehensive pollution index,air pollution index （API） and Daniel trend test method to study the variation trend and influence factor of air quality. Result showed that PM10 was the primary pollutant of atmosphere pollution in Xiaoshan districts the concentration of SO2, PM10 and the value of comprehensive pollution index were increased first and decreased, they presented a generally insignificant downward trend during the year 2007 to 2010,indicating the air quality was improved after 2007. The NO2 pollution load was ris- ing year by year sthe correlation analysis results and NO2/SO2 ratio suggested that the air pollution pattern in Xiaos- han district was transferring from coal burning pattern to mixed pattern. The monthly average API value was highest in the fourth quarter,and the following in order was the first quarter, the second quarter and the third quarter. Environmental protection policies such as the control of pollution sources, the improvement of energy efficiency, use clean energy and implement advanced environmental standards plays a crucial role in improving the air quality.