入世十年中国产业国际竞争力的实证分析

Empirical Analysis of International Competitiveness of China's Industry After A Decade of WTO Accession

本文利用最新的统计数据对中国加入WTO十年以来产业国际竞争力的现状及变化趋势进行了实证研究,得出如下结论:加入WTO十年以来,中国产业国际竞争力有较大程度提升。虽然中国传统劳动密集型产业比较优势在下降,而技术和资本密集型产业比较优势在上升,但中国目前最具有比较优势的产业仍是劳动密集型产业;中国劳动密集型、技术密集型和资本密集型产业的竞争优势都有所提高;中国制造业竞争优势的增强是推动中国产业国际竞争力提升的主要动力,中国传统劳动密集型产业仍然保持着较强的国际竞争力,同时一些技术和资本密集型产业的快速发展推动中国产业国际竞争力不断提升。虽然中国制造业产业国际竞争力的进一步提升面临着诸多挑战,但本文判断中国产业国际竞争力处于第二次快速提升的前夜,从中短期来看,2016年"市场经济地位"的自然获得,将会进一步释放中国产业国际竞争力的既有优势;而从中长期来看,随着人口素质的不断提升,中国将迎来质量型人口红利所带来的新的20年战略机遇期,这将是中国产业国际竞争力持续提升的重要源泉。

With the latest statistics, this paper empirically studied the status quo and tendency of China＇s industrial international competitiveness after a decade of WTO accession. Conclusions as follows.. 1） China＇s industrial international competitiveness rose significantly, despite of the decreasing comparative advantage of traditional labor intensive industries, and the rising comparative advantage of technological and capital intensive industries, labor intensive industries in China still boost with the most comparative advantage; 2）The competitive advantage of China＇s labor, technological and capital intensive industries have raised to some extent; 3）the enhancement of competitive advantage in China＇ s manufacturing industry became the driver of China＇s industrial international competitiveness. Though China＇s manufacturing industry faces challenges in further improving its international competitiveness, the authors believe that China ＂ s industrial international competitiveness is at the eve of another improvement process. China is expected to obtain the market economy status by 2016, which will further release existing advantage in Chinese industry ＂s international competitiveness~ in the mid and long term, China will enjoy strategic opportunities for 2 decades brought about by quality demographic dividend, and this will be the source of further improvement in China＇s industrial competitiveness.