青年马克思的物质观--以“博士论文”、《1844年经济学哲学手稿》为例

Marx's View of Material in His Youth

马克思"博士论文"中体现出来的物质观,涉及物质的"本质—实存"这一存在结构、物质的主体化、物的关系归于人的关系、马克思独特的人道主义等对他后来的思想发展至关重要的观点;而《1844年经济学哲学手稿》则是这一物质观初次在对资本主义社会现实的批判中崭露头角,并不是无源之水。青年马克思的物质观也决定了马克思主义始终必须面对的一种危险,即以支配物的方式处理人的关系。

Marx's view of matter,expressed in Marx's doctoral dissertation,touches upon many viewpoints which are very important for his later thoughts,including the essential structure of'essentia-existentia'in matter,the subjectifying of matter,the condition of matter reduced to that of human beings and the unique humanism of Marx.In the light of this view,'The Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844'is its first application to his critiques of the capitalist social reality,which thereby is not a fountain without headstream.And this idea of matter has determined one risk Marxism has to face all the time,namely dealing with the relationships between people in the manner of controlling matter.