两种新的旱作管理技术对山地梨枣树生长及结果的影响

Effects of two new dryland farming technologies on growth and fruit bearing of pear jujube trees in hilly regions

以9 a生梨枣树(Ziziphus jujubaMill.)为试材,在无灌溉条件下,研究节水型修剪技术和竹节式聚水沟技术及常规矮化修剪技术(CK)对梨枣营养生长及生殖生长的影响。结果表明:节水型修剪与竹节式聚水沟技术的单独及联合应用,能有效提高叶面积增长量、梨枣单叶面积和叶绿素含量,有效提高枣吊个数和着花数量;与对照相比,节水型修剪技术可提高产量83.1%,竹节式聚水沟技术可提高产量38.4%,节水型修剪技术+竹节式聚水沟技术效果更好,产量可提高155%。综合分析认为在旱地无灌溉条件下的陕北黄土丘陵区,以节水型修剪树体管理为主,在林下采用聚水沟措施结合,能显著提高梨枣的结果性能和产量。

Under the condition of non-irrigation,the 9 year-old pear-jujube（Ziziphus jujuba Mill.） trees [grafted on wild jujube（Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa（Bunge） Hu ex H.F.Chow.）] was set as study material with different dryland farming technologies,which included water-saving type pruning technology,bamboo-type poly ditch technology and conventional dwarf pruning.And,comparison was made of the effects of each treatment on vegetative growth and reproduction growth of pear jujube trees.The results showed that water-saving pruning and bamboo-type contour ditch,either singly or in combination,could increase significantly the growth leaf area,the area of each leaf and the content of chlorophyll.and increase significantly the number of bearing branchlets and number of flowers.Compared with the control,water-saving pruning（HL） could raise the yield by 83.14%,and bamboo-type poly ditch（CJ） could raise it by 38.44%,while treatment HJ,combined with the HL and CJ technologies,harvested the most and the yield was 155% of the control.In Loess hilly regions in Northern Shaanxi,under the condition of non-irrigation,the water-saving pruning technology could play a main positive role in raising pear jujube yield,especially combining the bamboo-type contour ditch technology.