著作权中的“人格权、财产权”二元分立论

Binary Separation of the Moral Right and Property Right Under the Copyright

著作权是民事权利的一种,这已经毫无争议,但通说的著作权"人格财产一体"的奇特属性,导致人们得出了著作权既不是人格权也不是财产权的结论。事实上,人格权与财产权的区分意义在于两者适用不同的规则。决定适用规则的是权利背后的利益性质而非权利所指向的对象,因此将对象作为权利的分类标准无法体现规范意义。我国民法应当抛开"对象—权利"对应的预设,将著作人格权、著作财产权分别纳入民事人格权和民事财产权的范畴,从而消除著作权作为民事权利的特殊性。

The fact that copyright is a civil fight has been non-controversial. But the peculiar property of the combination of personhood and property contributes to an odd conclusion that copyright neither belongs to personal right nor property right. In fact, the meaning of distinguishing personal fight and property right lies in the application of different rules. It is the nature of the interest behind the fight that determines the rules to be applied but not the object of the fight. Chinese civil law should abandon such ＂object-fight＂ presumption and acknowledge moral fight and economic fight as civil personal fight and civil property fight respectively, and then diminish the ＂specialty＂ of copyright as a civil fight.