居民对遵义红色旅游商业街中书法景观的认同度研究

The Research on Residents' Perception and Identity to Calligraphic Landscape in Zunyi Red Tourism Commercial Street

文化地理学作为人文地理学的重要分支,是学者们广泛关注的热点,但鲜有研究涉及居民对文化景观的感知和认同问题。本文选取了中国传统文化代表——书法景观为研究切入点,根据地方感理论构建了假设模型,提出了17个假设影响路径。根据遵义会议会址景区及周围红色旅游商业街中书法景观的居民感知调查数据,构建了居民书法景观感知的结构方程模型。分析结果验证了居民感知态度与文化认同的递进性,拒绝了部分研究假设。同时,在书法景观功能感知的5个维度:经济获益、环境审美、场所识别、景观原真性和行为导向中,经济获益和景观原真性是居民文化认同的决定性因素。研究结果体现了原真性元素在城市文化景观中的核心地位,验证文化景观对城市经济建设不可或缺的推动作用,对城市文化景观保护和规划管理具有重要的指导和借鉴意义。

As an important part of human geography, the cultural geography has been concerned by scholars, while the researches about residents ＇ perception and identity to cultural landscape is relatively scarce. This pa- per selected the symbol of Chinese traditional culture--calligraphic landscape as the study object, according to the ＂sense of place＂ theory, to build a hypothetical model and made 17 assumption paths. Based on the 421 ques- tionnaires distributed to people in the Zunyi Conference scenic spots and red tourism commercial street, we con- structed a structural equation model of residents＇ perception to calligraphic landscape. The conclusions can be drawn as follows. 1） The residents＇ perceptive attitudes could enhance the cultural identity, which is contradicto- ry some parts of the research hypothesis. Through the perceptions to calligraphic landscape＇ s functions, the resi- dents＇ attitude could form and reinforce the level of residents＇ cultural identity in the end. Authenticity had the significant effect on residents＇ perceptive attitude and cultural identity. 2） Meanwhile, among the five dimen- sions of calligraphic landscape perception which are economic benefit, environmental aesthetics, place identifi- cation, landscape authenticity and behavior guidance, economic benefits and authenticity are the decisive factors of residents＇ cultural identity. Cultural landscape could raise residents＇ economic benefits. This result is differ- ent from tourists＇ perception to culture landscape which puts emphasis on the environmental aesthetic experi- ence. The results reflected the core status of authenticity in the urban cultural landscape and positive economic effects of urban cultural landscape. Finally, we proposed that the protection and variance of traditional culture in modern city was an important subject for future cultural geographic research. The research serves as an impor- tant guide and can provide reference for the protection and planning management of urban cultural landscape.