基于价格歧视理论分析我国销售电价的制定

Analysis of the Electric Sales Pricing in China Based on the Price Discrimination Theory

电力行业是关系国计民生的重要行业,长期以来该行业一直都是国家垄断行业。但是电力行业垄断在带来规模经济的同时也造成企业效率低下,财务亏损等负面影响。近年来,国家一直致力于电力改革,尤其是对于销售电价制定的改革。以经济学中的价格歧视理论为基础,从近期销售电价变动原因入手,分析了单一加成成本定价和补贴价格中存在的问题,并据此提出了在销售电价制定的改革中应该完善和深化价格歧视理论的应用,并且充分考虑销售电价制定体系中的多种市场因素,以期为完善电力改革提供参考。

Because the power sector is a key industry of the peopleg livelihood, it has been a state monopoly for many years. The monopoly of the power sector yields the economies of scale ; however, it has caused the low ef- ficiency of the enterprises, financial losses, and other negative effects at the same time. In recent years, the coun- try has been committed to the reform of electric power, especially to the reform of the establishment of Electricity Sales Tariff. Based on the price discrimination theory in economics, this article analyzes the problem exiting in the single addition cost pricing and subsidized price from the reasons of the changes of Electricity Sales Tariff in recent days, accordingly puts forward that the reform should improve and deepen the application of the price discrimination theory, and also multiple market factors should be fully considered in the system of establishing the Electricity Sales Tariff. This article is aimed at providing some references to the improvement of power sector reform.