猴免疫缺陷病毒感染猕猴淋巴结和脾脏的病理学观察

Pathological Changes of Lymph Nodes and Spleen in Rhesus Monkeys Infected with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

目的观察SIVmac251病毒感染猕猴后其脾脏和淋巴结组织的病理学变化，探索猴艾滋病毒感染及猴艾滋病的发病机理。方法采用SIVmac251病毒感染猕猴，取感染过程中死亡猴以及实验结束存活猴的脾脏和淋巴结进行光镜与电镜观察。结果光镜观察，见三种淋巴结的病理变化，包括增生型，退化型和耗竭型；电镜观察，淋巴细胞胞质、胞核及静脉内皮细胞胞质内见病毒颗粒和晶格状排列的病毒；脾脏和淋巴结超微损伤以线粒体为主，表现为线粒体增生，肿胀和形态改变（长形巨大线粒体）。结论SIV感染猕猴淋巴结病理改变与人HIV淋巴结病理改变相近，是适于研究艾滋病免疫机理的理想动物模型。首次发现晶格状排列的SIV病毒。

Objective To explore the pathogenesis of SIV infection and simian AIDS, the pathologi- cal changes of lymph nodes and spleen in rhesus monkeys with infection of simian immunodeficiency virus（SIV） were observed. Methods The spleen and lymph nodes from Rhesus monkeys with infection of simian immunodeficiency virus （SIV） were examined by light and eleclron microscopy. Results Pathological changes of the lymph nodes under light microscope can be classified into 3 types： proliferation, degen- eration and failure. The viral like-particles were seen mainly in cytoplasm and nucleus of lympho- cyte and cytoplasm of vein endothelial cell under electron microscopy, and some viral particles arrayed in crystalline.Electron microscopy observation of lymph nodes and spleen revealed that the ultrastructure changes is particularly mitochondrial damage which included hyperplasia, swelling and paramorphia （Giant mitochondria）. Conclusion Similar phathological changes of lymph nodes were found in SIV- infected rhesus monkeys as compared with those in HIV/AIDS patients. SIV monkey models can be applied to explore the pathogenesis of SIV infect-ion and simian AIDS. The simian immunodefi- ciency virus particles arrayed in crystalline was first found in this experiment.