晚期癌症患者自我感受负担应对体验的质性研究

Experience of Coping with Self-perceived Burden of Advanced Cancer Patients:A Qualitative Research

目的了解晚期癌症患者自我感受负担(self-perceived burden,SPB)的应对体验及现状,分析其应对方式及相关因素,为进一步进行干预研究提供科学依据。方法采用现象学研究中的访谈法,对16名住院晚期癌症患者进行深度访谈并录音,并采用Giorgi的质性资料分析法进行分析、整理、提炼主题。结果分析发现,晚期癌症患者SPB的应对分为以问题为中心的积极应对和以情感为中心的消极应对。结论 SPB强烈的晚期癌症患者由于存在较大的压力,倾向于隐瞒症状和需求以减轻他人负担,应对现状不容乐观。医护人员应注意鼓励引导患者,采用积极有效的应对方式,尽量减轻SPB对患者造成的负面影响,提高晚期癌症患者的生活质量。

Objective To describe the current status and experience of coping with self-perceived burden （SPB） of advanced cancer patients, and to analyze the coping methods of relevant factors of SPB, so as to provide scientific evidence for further research on intervention. Methods Phenomenological approach of qualitative research was chosen for the present investigation. The data were collected from 16 hospitalized advanced cancer patients by in-depth interview and recording, and then processed and refined by Giorgi＇s qualitative data analysis. Results The analysis indicated that strategies to cope with SPB were classified as either positive problem-focused or passive emotion-focused. Conclusion Being confronted with a strong sense of SPB,advanced cancer patients are inclined to conceal symptoms or needs in order to reduce the burden of others. Their coping status is not optimistic. Practitioners should encourage and guide patients to adopt positive and effective strategies, minimize the negative impacts on patients as much as possible and improve their quality of life in advanced stage.