马克思政治解放之维与中国政治发展道路

The Dimensionality of Marx's Political Emancipation and Chinese Political Development

马克思最伟大的政治智慧深刻体现在他对政治解放与人类解放"衔接点"的把握上:通过对市民社会的法哲学分析,客观、理性地对政治解放的历史功绩和积极意义进行了探讨,阐述了政治解放对宗教异化、政治异化及其二者之间相互纠缠关系的消解;他认识到政治解放并不是彻底的没有矛盾的解放,无情地揭露和批判了政治解放的历史限度与局限性。正是基于对政治解放之限度、局限的深度认识以及对市民社会的政治经济学分析,马克思由此提出超越政治解放,以社会力量对抗政治力量而走向人类解放的思想,并对人类解放思想进行必要性、可能性论证与缜密分析。以马克思的政治解放思想为依据,立足我国政治改革发展实践,将马克思的政治解放思想与我国当今政治改革发展实践相对照,具有深远的启示意义。

The greatest political wisdom of Marx was most profoundly reflected in his grasp of the joint between political emancipation and human liberation. By analyzing burgher society from the view of the law phi- losophy, Marx objectively and rationally discussed the historical merits and significance of political emancipation, expounded how to clear up the religion alienation, political alienation and their entanglement by political eman- cipation. He realized that political emancipation was not free of contradictions at all, which relentlessly exposed and criticized the historical limit and limitations of political emancipation. Based on profound understanding of the limit and limitations of political emancipation as well as the analysis of burgher society from a perspective of political economics, Marx put forward to transcend the political emancipation, to confront the political force with social force for mankind liberation. Besides, the necessity and the possibility were demonstrated and rigorously analyzed. It is of profound enlightening significance to compare Marx＇s idea of political emancipation with the practices of Chiness political reform and development.