云南大叶茶资源的机能性物质分析及优异种质筛选

Analysis on functional components of Yunnan Daye tea and screening of elite germplasm accessions

【目的】筛选云南大叶茶优异种质资源,为茶树新品种选育提供科学依据。【方法】通过生化分析、感官审评等方法对云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所"国家种质勐海大叶茶树圃"的112份茶树资源进行分析。【结果】筛选出优质红碎茶资源32份;高茶多酚(TP>38%)资源10份;低咖啡碱(Caf<1.00%)资源两份,高咖啡碱(Caf>5.00%)资源两份;高茶黄素(TFs>1.3%)资源23份;超常规水平ECGG(>13%)资源5份;红碎茶感官品质鉴评总分>90分的资源16份。【结论】云南大叶茶资源生化成分丰富多样,是选育红碎茶、特色茶树品种的优异种质,筛选出的优质红碎茶、特异资源可为下一步茶树良种选育奠定材料基础。

[Objective]Elite germplasm accessions of Yunnan Daye tea was screened in order to offer scientific references for new tea variety breeding. [Method]Functional components of 112 tea germplasm accessions collected from ＂National Germplasm Daye Tea Nursery in Menghai＂ at Tea Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences were systematically and comprehensively investigated with biochemical component analysis and sensory evaluation. [Result] The results showed that 32 elite tea germplasm accessions were selected, of which, 10 had high polyphenols content （38%）, 2 had low caffeine content（1.00%）, 2 had high caffeine content （5.00%）, 23 had high theaflavins content（1.3%）, 5 had hypernormal ECGG（13%）, and 16 （broken black tea） had high score in sensory evaluation （90）. [Conclusion] It was concluded that Yunnan Daye tea germplasm accessions were abundant in functional components, and were excellent germplasm resources for breeding of broken black tea and characteristic tea tree varieties, which would provide elite materials for new tea variety breeding.