江西省不同流行地区麻风病流行因素分析

Study on factors for leprosy epidemic in different endemic situation in Jiangxi

目的探讨麻风病不同流行程度地区麻风病流行因素、群众认知和患者空间分布的差异性。方法选择3个不同流行程度的县进行整群抽样,在抽得的行政村进行皮肤科普查及问卷调查、流行因素筛查、患者空间分布分析。结果流行因素筛查显示环境卫生、屋内空气和饮用水来源居前3位;高、中度流行县的被选行政村麻风病患者呈高度聚集性分布,居民对麻风病的误解率甚高。结论较差的环境卫生、较潮湿的居住空间和不卫生的饮用水来源,是各类流行地区麻风病流行的主要因素,而高聚集性传染源的长期存在、居民对麻风病的片面认知,是加剧高、中度流行地区麻风病流行的因素。

Objective To identify factors for leprosy endemic, awareness on leprosy for general population and the distribu- tion of leprosy patients in deferent endemic areas in Jiangxi Province. Methods To select three counties with different endemic levels of leprosy for research, Questionnaires will be used for identify factors of leprosy epidemic and distribution of leprosy pa- tients. Results The environment sanitation, indoor air quality and water supply were main factors for leprosy endemic; Geographic aggregation of leprosy was the main characteristic in high and middle leprosy endemic areas. The rate of misunderstanding for lep- rosy was rather high. Conclusion Poor environment sanitation, damp living condition, unsanitary drinking water are the major fac- tors for leprosy endemic in different endemic areas, while geographic aggregation source of infection and one-sided understanding for leprosy exacerbate the high and middle leprosy endemic areas.