对行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者择时禁食禁饮的护理研究

Nursing interventions of time - limited timing fasting for the patients with laparoscopic cholecystectomy

目的观察护理干预管理对腹腔镜胆囊切除（Lc）手术患限时择时禁食、禁饮并发症如口渴、饥饿、低血糖反应、焦虑等的影麻响。方法根据不同禁食、禁饮时限随机将Lc手术病人按入院的先后顺序分为对照组和观察组，对照组在术前仅给予常规的术前指导，观察组根据手术时间安排采取积极的护理干预管理措施，观察组术前禁固体食物（不包括油炸食物和肉类）8h，禁半流质饮食6h，两组均在术后2d进行问卷调查，收集资料并进行统计学处理。结果对照组比观察组术前禁食、禁饮的时间长，两组患者均无术中误吸、术后恶心、呕吐发生，两组比较有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。结论护理干预管理，索取新的禁食、禁饮方案，强化了Lc病人对术前禁食、禁饮的正确认识，提高了病人术前的舒适度及手术的耐受力和围手术期的安全。

Objective To observe the effects of nursing interventions on the complications of time - limited timing fasting such as thirst, hunger, hypoglycemia, anxiety for the patients with laparoscopic cholecysteetomy （ LC ） operation. Methods According to the different fasting time operation the patients with LC were randomly divided into observation group and control group. The control group only re- ceived routine preoperative instruction, and the observation group took active nursing intervention and management measures according to the operation schedule. Solid food （ not including fried food and meat） and semi - liquid diet were forbidden respectively 8 h and 6 h before op- eration in the observation group. The patients of two groups were surveyed by the questionnaire to collect data and carry on statistical analy- sis. Results The time of preoperative fasting and water - deprivation in the control group was longer than that in the observation group. There was no intraoperative aspiration, postoperative nausea, vomiting in two groups. Two groups had significant difference （P 〈 0. 01 ） . Conclusions Nursing intervention can improve the correct understanding for preoperative fasting and water - deprivation, improve preoperative comfort, the tolerance and the perioperative safety.