棉粕及脱毒棉粕替代鱼粉对虹鳟生长、体成分及血清生化指标的影响

Effect of replacing fish meal with cottonseed meal and detoxification cottonseed meal on growth,body composition and serum biochemical parameter of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

用不同比例棉粕(CM)及FeSO4处理的脱毒棉粕(CM+Fe)替代饲料中0(CM0,对照组)、10%(CM10)、20%(CM20)、30%(CM30)、50%(CM50)、70%(CM70)和50%(CM50+Fe)、70%(CM70+Fe)的鱼粉,配置成8种等氮等能的饲料,喂养(9.79±0.13)g的虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)10周,每组设3个重复,研究棉粕及脱毒棉粕对虹鳟生长性能、体成分及血清生化指标的影响。结果显示:(1)对照组虹鳟增重率(WG)与CM10～CM50以及CM50+Fe组之间差异不显著,CM70组增重率、蛋白质效率(PER)与其他各组相比显著降低,饲料系数(FCR)显著升高。(2)各试验组虹鳟全鱼和肌肉粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分与对照组差异不显著;CM0～CM70组肌肉中游离棉酚含量也逐渐增加,CM50+Fe和CM70+Fe组肌肉游离棉酚含量显著低于CM50和CM70组。(3)CM70和CM70+Fe组谷丙转氨酶与谷草转氨酶活性与对照组相比显著升高,CM10～CM50和CM50+Fe组与对照组差异不显著,血清甘油三酯含量逐渐升高,血糖含量与总蛋白含量逐渐降低。结果表明,棉粕替代鱼粉的适宜比例为19.62%。

Rainbow Trout （Oncorhynchus mykiss） （9. 79 -＋0. 13） g were fed with eight isonitrogenous and isoenergetic di- ets which contained eight levels of cottonseed meal （CM） and ferrous sulfate pretreatment cottonseed meal （ CM ＋ Fe） to replace fish meal protein [0 （CMO, control group）, 10% （CM10）, 20% （CM20）, 30% （CM30）, 50% （CMS0）, 70% （CM70）, 50% （CM50 ＋ Fe）, and 70% （CM70 ＋ Fe）] for 10 weeks, to investigate the effects of CM on growth performance, body composition and serum biochemical parameter. The result showed that, （ 1 ） Compared with control group, it had no significant difference of the weight gain ratio （WGR） in the CM10 - CM50 and CM50 ＋ Fe groups, CM70 group was significantly different from the other groups; the weight gain ratio （ WGR）, protein efficiency ratio （PER） were significantly lower than those of the other groups and the feed conversion ratio （FCR） increased significantly. （2） The contents of crude protein and crude lipid and crude ash of muscle and whole fish had no significant differences in the eight groups. Along with the increase of the proportion of cottonseed meal, free gossypol in muscle of CM0 N CM70 groups increased gradually. The free gossypol of muscle in CM50 ＋ Fe and CM70 ＋ Fe groups were significantly lower than CMS0 and CM70 groups. （3） The glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase （GOT） and glutamic pyruvic transaminase （GPT） ac- tivities in the serum of CM70 and CM70 ＋ Fe groups were significantly higher than control group, while those of CM0 - CMS0 and CMS0 ＋ Fe groups had no significant difference from control group. Serum triglyceride content increased gradual- ly, Blood sugar and total protein content declined gradually. In conclusion, the suitable replacement ratio of fish meal pro- tein by cottonseed meal was 19. 62%.