湘潭市2011年城乡居民死亡原因分析

Analysis on the Causes of Death Among Urban and Rural Residents of Xiangtan City in 2011

目的分析湘潭市居民2011年死亡原因。方法利用2011年湘潭市居民死亡原因监测资料,用死亡率、死因顺位、居民期望寿命、去死因期望寿命、减寿年数等指标评价该市居民健康状况。结果 2011年湘潭市居民死亡率为5.88‰,城区为5.67‰,乡村为5.98‰,男性为6.85‰,女性为4.88‰;前5位死因为心脏病、恶性肿瘤、脑血管病、呼吸系统病和损伤与中毒,传染病位居第9位,且死亡率仅为0.4‰。居民期望寿命为78.07岁,城区为77.12岁,乡村为78.38岁,男性为75.8岁,女性为80.59岁。去心脏病、恶性肿瘤、脑血管疾病、损伤与中毒、呼吸系统病后,居民寿命有0.05～8.93岁的增长,减寿年数为16 401.36～21 800.50年。结论传染病危害降低,慢性非传染性疾病、损伤与中毒已成为主要的公共卫生问题。

Objective To analyze the causes of death among the residents of Xiangtan City in 2011. Methods Based on the monitoring data about the causes of death in the residents of Xiangtan City in 2011, the assessment of health conditions of the residents was done according to mortality, causes of death cis- position, life expectancy, the cause- deleted life expectancy, and years of life loss, etc. Results The mortality of residents of Xiangtan in 2011 was 5.88%o. The mortalities in urban and rural districts were 5.67%o and 5.98%o, respectively. The mortalities of males and females were 6.85%o and 4.88%o, respective- ly. The top five leading causes of death were heart disease, malignancy, cerebrovaseular disease, respiratory disease, injury and toxicosis. Infectious diseases were the ninth cause of death, the mortality was merely 0.4%o. The residents＇ life expectancy was 78.07 years old. It was 77.12 years old in urban district and 78.38 years old in rural district. It was 75.8 years old in males and 80.59 years old in females. The residents＇ life growth arranged from 0.05 - 8.93 years and years of life loss were from 16,401.36 to 21,800.50 years while heart disease, malignancy, cerebrovascular disease, respiratory disease, injury and toxicosis were removed. Conclusions The danger of infectious diseases has decreased, but noninfectious chronic diseases and injury and toxicosis have become the main public health problems.