用荧光原位杂交从母血中检测胎儿细胞

Detection of fetal cells in maternal blood by fluorescence in situ hybridization

目的 从母血中分离胎儿细胞并确定其来自胎儿。方法 从孕早、中期各 2 0名、分娩后 15名的母血中富集并分离有核细胞。用 Y特异性探针 (PY3.4)行荧光原位杂交 ,从中识别胎儿细胞。结果 孕早、中期孕妇各怀 15名男胎。阳性细胞比例是 1∶ 6 5 2 8.0及 1∶ 2 783.8。与同期 10名女胎阳性细胞相比 ,差别有高度显著性。分娩 1周内的 3名 ,阳性率与孕中期的差别没有显著性。分娩 3个月后的阳性率与同期 10名女胎相比 ,差别无显著性。结论 提示在妊娠 5 0天就可以从母血中检测到胎儿细胞 ,并随孕期的进展而数量增加。分娩 1周后母血中仍有胎儿细胞存在 ,分娩 3个月后母血中未能检测到胎儿细胞。

Objective To isolate fetal nucleated cells from maternal blood and determine its fetal origin. Methods Enrichment and isolation of nucleated cells in maternal blood from 20 samples in the first trimester of pregnancy, 20 samples in the mid trimester of pregnancy, and 15 samples after delivery. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed using Y specific probe PY3.4 to identify fetal cells. Results Fifteen women in the first trimester and 15 women in the mid trimester of pregnancy carried male fetuses. The rates of positive cells were 1∶6528.0 and 1∶2783.8 respectively, and there was a highly significant difference when these rates were compared with the positive cells rate of the 10 female fetuses in the same trimesters. No significant difference in positive cells rate was found between 1 week after delivery and the mid trimester of pregnancy, nor was it found between 3 months after delivery and the 10 samples of female fetuses in the same time. Conclusion These data suggest that fetal cells can be detected as early as from 50 days of gestation in maternal blood, in the meantime, the rate of fetal cells will increase with gestational age. One week after delivery, fetal cells still exist, and 3 months after delivery, the fetal cells will no longer be detected.