民工子弟学校新生麻疹疫苗接种及家长认知情况调查

Study on cognition condition about measles vaccine and immunization among freshmen's parents in schools for children of migrant workers

目的了解上海市青浦区民工子弟学校新生麻诊疫苗接种情况及其家长对接种认知情况,探讨民工子弟麻疹疫苗接种的影响因素。方法通过多阶段随机整群抽样方法,在全区抽取606名民工子弟学校新入校学生,对学生家长进行问卷调查。结果 606名新生中,38.29%的学生无预防接种证或丢失,37.95%的学生麻疹疫苗接种≥2剂,接种次数和知晓率与学校类别、出生地、此前就学地、家庭经济收入、家庭孩子数、父母年龄、父母文化程度等因素有关,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。家长知晓问答平均得分2.72分,68.98%低于3分,88.94%家长认为有必要为孩子接种麻疹疫苗,89.61%的家长以医务人员、书面材料、广播电视宣传为获取麻疹疫苗接种相关知识的主要途径。结论民工子弟学校新生2剂次麻疹疫苗接种率低,家长知识知晓率低、获取知识途径传统单一,应采取针对性宣传策略和方式,以促使该人群由被动接种转化为主动接种。

Objective To understand the basic situation of freshmen＇ s measles vaccine and their parents＇ cognition on measles vaccine and immunization in schools for children of migrant workers, and explore the influencing factors of the immunization coverage of measles in Qingpu District, Shanghai. Methods 606 freshmen were sampled by multistage random sampling method. The parents of them were investigated by a questionnaire. Results 38.29% of freshmen couldn＇ t show their immunization record, 37.95% of them had been inoculated with measles vaccine at least 2 doses. The doses of measles vaccine and the awareness of the parents＇ were associated with kind of school, place of birth, household incoming, number of family child, age of the parents and parental education level （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The average score of the parents awareness was 2. 72, meanwhile, 68.98% were lower than 3.88.94% of the parents thought measles vaccine was necessary to their children. 89. 61% of them got measles related knowledge from health care workers, plat materials, radio and TV. Conclusion The immunization coverage of measles vaccine was low in investigated schools, meanwhile, the parents＇ awareness rate of measles vaccine and immunization was low. Targeted strategy should be carried to change the population＇ s behaviors of immunization from the passive status into active.