安徽省5城市初中生艾滋病健康教育效果评估

Evaluation of AIDS prevention health education among junior middle school students in 5 cities in Anhui Province

目的评价在安徽省城市初中学生中开展预防艾滋病健康教育活动的效果。方法在城市初中学生中发放印有艾滋病防治知识图文的作文簿,并要求以艾滋病为主题写作文,与此同时开展多种形式预防艾滋病健康教育活动,分别于干预前后采用同样的抽样方法和调查问卷对学生进行调查,评价干预效果。结果学生的艾滋病基本知识知晓率由干预前的46.2%提高到干预后的84.7%(χ2=661.062,P<0.01)。干预后,无偿献血知识、艾滋病治疗知识、美沙酮知识、艾滋病自愿咨询检测服务知识的知晓率均有明显提高,干预前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。但2个与性有关的知识点、1个无偿献血知识点、2个美沙酮知识点、1个艾滋病自愿咨询检测服务知识点干预后知晓率仍然低于80%。对有关艾滋病防治态度的3个问题的平均正确态度持有率由干预前的83.6%提高到干预后的90.3%(χ2=118.133,P<0.01),向周围的人讲过艾滋病预防知识的学生由干预前的33.8%提高到干预后的55.4%(χ2=188.814,P<0.01),干预前后差异有统计学意义。结论通过发放作文簿及写作文活动等综合性健康教育干预措施开展初中学生艾滋病健康教育活动取得良好效果,但仍需要针对某些薄弱知识点开展针对性宣传。

Objective To evaluate the effect of AIDS health education among junior middle school students in cities of Anhui Province. Methods Composition notebooks with key information about AIDS prevention, and requested to write articles about AIDS by junior middle school students. Meanwhile, multiple kinds of health education activities were carried out before evaluation survey. Questionnaire surveys were conducted between before and after in the intervention which using the same sampling methods. Results The awareness rate of basic AIDS-related knowledge increased from 46.2% to 84.7% after intervention （ χ2 = 661. 062, P 〈 0. 01 ）. The awareness rates of knowledge about voluntary blood donation, Methadone and voluntary consulting and testing service （VCT） increased dramatically （P 〈0. O1 ）. About two questions about sexual transmission, one of questions about voluntary blood donation, two questions about Methadone and one of questions about VCT, those rates were still below 80% ; the average rate of correct attitude towards AIDS prevention increased from 83.6% to 90. 3% after intervention （~2 = 118. 133, P 〈0. O1 ）, the rate about students talked by AIDS- related knowledge to people around them, form 33.8% increased to 55.4% （ χ2 = 188. 814, P 〈 0.01 ）. All the differences between baseline and evaluation surveys are statistically significant. Conclusion Distributing the composition note- books and writing AIDS-related articles are effective and successful methods to carry out health education among junior mid- dle school students. There is a need to emphasize activities to improve the knowledge about messages, such as sex, voluntary blood donation, Methadone and VCT service.