敬畏生命:当代生态伦理学的重要思想资源——阿尔贝特·施韦泽及其敬畏生命伦理思想评介

Reverence for Life: A Significant Idea of Contemporary Ecological Ethics——A Review of Albert Schweitzer and His Ethics Thought of “Reverence for Life”

著名生态思想家施韦泽是"敬畏生命"伦理思想公认的创始人和虔诚的实践者。敬畏生命伦理融东西方生态哲学智慧于一体,将生态整体主义作为逻辑起点,指出人类的生存并非是孤立的,而是极大地依赖于生命系统和整个世界的和谐发展,将伦理关怀从人扩展至所有生物。施韦泽不仅在理论上积极倡导敬畏生命伦理原则,并在实践中自觉遵循敬畏生命伦理准则,深入非洲丛林行医服务半个多世纪,呼吁停止核试验甚至销毁核武器,由此荣获1952年诺贝尔和平奖,被誉为20世纪构建珍重生命整体性和个体性之间跨界桥梁的杰出先驱。敬畏生命伦理是当代生态伦理发展的极为重要的思想资源,对于人类文明的生态转向具有重大的时代意义。

The famous ecological ideologist Schweitzer is acknowledged as the founder and practitioner of ethics thought of ＂reverence for life＂. The thought, showing ethics care from human being to all creatures, inte- grates eastern and western eco-philosophy wisdom, which takes the ecological holism as its logic start and points out human being＇s existence is not isolated, but tremendously relies on life system and harmonious development of the whole world. Schweitzer not only positively initiates ＂reverence for life＂ in theory, but also follows the prin- ciples in practice, who goes deep into African jungle to do medical service more than half a century and calls for an end to nuclear test and nuclear weapons, thus, he was awarded the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize and he was hon- ored as an outstanding foregoer to construct a cross-border bridge of integrated life and individuality. The ethics of ＂reverence for life＂ becomes a significant part of contemporary ecological ethics and it is of great epoch signifi- cance for the ecological turning of human civilization.