自觉的生态文学与自发的生态文学——生态文学概念辨析

Conscious Ecological Literature and Spontaneous Ecological Literature——On the Concept of Ecological Literature

生态文学作为一个概念,其出现在中国不过短短数年光景;但生态文学作为一种文学实践,在中国的历史几乎和文学的历史一样绵长。然而,生态文学概念的界定却把传统中国源远流长的生态文学资源抛却在视野之外,由此带来了生态文学范围狭小,难以形成规模效应;生态文学主题先行,其艺术性难以体现;否定中国传统文学的当代价值和生态价值;生态文学和与其一体两面的生态批评难以同步发展等方面的问题。因此,笔者认为,现有的生态文学概念只是生态文学之一种,可以名之为自觉的生态文学。此外,还有大量的自发的生态文学以及介于二者之间的生态文学。

As a concept, ecological literature appeared in China a few years ago, but as a literary practice, the history of ecological literature in China is almost as long as that of literature. However, the traditional Chinese ecological literature resources of long history are beyond the horizon of the definition of the ecological literature, which results in a series of problems, such as the small scale of ecological literature and difficulty in forming the scale effect, difficulty in reflecting the artistic quality of ecological literature with theme as priority, denial of the contemporary value and ecological value of traditional Chinese literature, difficulty for ecological literature to keep pace with the ecological criticism. Therefore, the author holds that the existing ecological literature concept is just one of the ecological literature, and can be named conscious ecological literature. In addition, there are a lot of spontaneous ecological literature and ecological literature between consciousness literature and spontaneous literature.