儒家政治设计思想的秩序结构判断

Appraisement on Political Order Structure of Confucianism's Political Design Thought

在现实层面,儒家设计并建构了一个超稳定的系统体系,指导和维护了中国封建君主专制几千年不倒的政治格局,但这种超稳定结构最终还是没能保证其价值目标的整全实现并随着清王朝的灭亡而出局。这种历史命运和其秩序结构设计的缺陷是分不开的,突出表现在:"己-家-国"的结构设计:家国同构;"内圣外王"的路径安排:目的和手段脱节;三纲五常的秩序规范预制:工具理性短缺;仁政和家长式权威的秩序力运用:政治伦常化。

In the real level,Confucian designed and constructed a super-stable system,which maintained and guided the Chinese feudal despotism for thousands of years.But it eventually couldn＇t guarantee the Qing Dynasty to realize it whole goal and lost its role along with the downfall of Qing Dynasty.This kind of historical destiny was closely related to the order design defect as follows： the design of ＂individual-family-king＂ structure led to home-like state structure;the governing approach of ＂External Government through Internal Greatness＂ led to the disconnect of the goal and means;Three Cardinal Guides and Five Constant Virtues restricted people＇s freedom,led to the lack of instrumental rationality;benevolence governing and paternalistic authority led to moralism,bureaucratism and autocracy.