河南中南部持续性暴雨水汽输送特征分型

Characteristics Classification of Water Vapor Transfer of Persistent Torrential Rain in South-central Henan Province

通过分析1961～2010年发生在河南中南部持续性暴雨的水汽输送特征，从水汽输送角度对河南省中南部（河南省黄河以南地区）的持续性暴雨进行分型，总结出3种水汽输送类型，即西南气流型、螺旋型和“S”型。对比分析这3种类型代表个例的水汽输送和水汽收支特征后发现，河南中南部的持续性暴雨主要是由西南气流型的水汽输送造成的：“S”型和螺旋型水汽输送也是造成河南中南部持续性暴雨的原因之一。西南气流型和螺旋型的水汽输送是造成淮河上游洪涝的主要水汽输送类型，其对应的天气影响系统分别是：高层低槽（低涡）、中低层切变线和台风低压（台风倒槽）。

The persistent torrential rains occurred in south-central Henan Province （upper reaches of the Huaihe River Basin） be- tween 1961 and 2010 were documented. Their vapor fluxes and transfer were explored. Persistent torrential rains occurred in south- central Henan Province were classified by viewpoint of vapor transfer. It is summarized that there were three patterns of vapor transfer, southwest-airflow-type, spiral-type and S-type. By analyzing the typical cases, precipitation area, vapor transfer and vapor budget of these three patterns were examined. The vapor transfer of southwest-airflow-type is primary cause of persistent torrential rains occurred in south-central Henan Province. The vapor transfer of the others （spiral-type and S-type） also caused persistent tor- rential rains in south-central Henan Province. Moreover,persistent torrential rains with vapor transport of southwest-airflow-type and spiral-type could cause floods in upper reaches of the Huaihe River Basin. The corresponding weather systems, such as trough/low vortex in 500 hPa, shear line in 700/850 hPa or Typhoon low （Typhoon Inverted Trough） also were major weather systems which cause floods in upper reaches of the Huaihe River Basin.