抚仙湖生态环境脆弱性分析研究

Study on the Vulnerability of Ecological Environment in Fuxian Lake

为了稳定保护抚仙湖优良的生态环境,防止人为过度干扰对湖泊生态系统的影响,对抚仙湖生态环境脆弱性进行了分析研究。据30年的水文资料及水质实测资料研究分析表明,抚仙湖由于自然因素的敏感性属结构型脆弱性;同时又受湖盆区人类活动外部驱动力作用的影响,形成了人类活动胁迫型脆弱性。近年来抚仙湖水体有机营养物质逐年升高,浮游植物生物量增加了7～10倍,透明度下降了2.7 m,综合营养状态指数上升了2.1倍,这是湖泊自然因素敏感性和人类活动影响叠加的结果。因此,面对目前存在的各种环境问题和未来社会经济发展带来的环境压力,要维护抚仙湖生态系统的稳定性及安全性,对抚仙湖的资源开发利用应当慎重。

In order to protect the excellent ecological environment in Fuxian Lake stably and prevent the influence of exces- sive human disturbance on the lake ecosystem, the vulnerability of ecological environment in Fuxian Lake was studied. Ac- cording to the analysis on the hydrological data and water quality data in 30 years, the vulnerability of Fuxian Lake belonged to structural class due to the sensitivity of natural factors; meanwhile, influences of human activities in lake-basin area also caused human activities stress vulnerability. In recent years, organic nutrition had been increasing year after year; the biomass of phytoplankton increased by 7-10 times; the transparency dropped by 2.7 m; and TLIc was increased by 2.1 times as the result of the superposition of influences of natural factors and human activities. Facing various existing environmental problems and pressure caused by social and economic development, the exploitation of resources in Fuxian Lake basin should be cautiously to ensure the stability and security of ecosystem in Fuxian Lake.