红树林植物无瓣海桑主要害虫迹斑绿刺蛾生物学特性研究

Biological characteristics of Latoia pastorlis,the main pest on Sonneratia apetala

为了明确无瓣海桑主要害虫迹斑绿刺蛾的生活史和各虫态生活习性,通过室内饲养、林间套笼观察和野外调查相结合的方法对迹斑绿刺蛾的生物学特性进行了系统研究。该虫在广西钦州红树林自然保护区1年发生4代,有世代重叠现象;以蛹在茧内越冬,翌年4月中旬成虫开始羽化,第1代幼虫为害期发生在4月下旬到6月下旬;第4代幼虫11月上旬开始结茧化蛹越冬。成虫具有较强趋光性,成虫夜间羽化率达到98.6%,以晚上24:00前居多。成虫羽化后第2天交尾,雌虫产卵量为35～183粒,雄虫平均寿命6.7d,雌虫平均寿命8.1d。本研究明确了迹斑绿刺蛾生物学特性,为该虫的预测防治工作提供基础。

This study aimed to determine the life history and habitats of each stage of Latoia pastorlis （Butler）, the main pest on Sonneratia apetala Buch-Ham. A systematic study on the biological characteristics of L. pastorlis was conducted based on the observation in coops and investigation in mangrove forest and rearing in the laborato- ry. The pest had four generations per year in Qinzhou Mangrove Nature Reserve of Guangxi, with overlapping generations, and it overwintered as pupae in cocoons. Adult eclosion began in mid-April the next year, and the in- festation period of the first--generation larvae occurred from late April to late June. The larvae of the four gener- ations produced cocoons and pupae, and entered the overwintering state in early November. The adults had strong positive phototaxis, and its eclosion rate reached 98.6% at night, especially before midnight. Copulation occurred in the second day after eclosion and the fecundity was 35 183 eggs per female. The average longevity of adults was about 6.7 days for males, and about 8.1 days for females. This study revealed the biological characteristics of L. pastorlis and provided the basis for forecast and control of the insect.