3种生物农药对悬铃木方翅网蝽的室内毒力及解毒酶活性的影响

Toxicity of Three Biopesticides and Their Effect on Detoxification Enzyme Activity of Corythucha ciliata

室内条件下采用浸叶法分别测定苦参碱、阿维菌素、苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bt)3种药剂对悬铃木方翅网蝽1,5龄若虫和成虫的毒力;采用生化方法测定3种药剂对不同虫态悬铃木方翅网蝽的羧酸酯酶(CarE)、乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GST)活性影响。结果表明:3种药剂对方翅网蝽具有较好的毒杀效果,校正死亡率均随着浓度的增加而升高。1龄若虫对药剂的敏感性最强,5龄若虫和成虫的敏感性相近。3种药剂中苦参碱的毒力最高,对1,5龄若虫和成虫的LC50分别为0.1957,194.9和197.3mg·L-1;其次为阿维菌素,对不同虫态的LC50分别为10.66,420.5和472.0mg·L-1;苏云金杆菌对不同虫态的LC50分别为3.23,1414.2和6967.2mg·L-1。3种药剂处理后,悬铃木方翅网蝽不同虫态的羧酸酯酶、乙酰胆碱酯酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性均产生不同程度的诱导效应。以苏云金杆菌处理的解毒酶活性增强最明显,1,5龄若虫和成虫的3种解毒酶活性均明显高于对照;其次为阿维菌素处理,3种虫态的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性,1龄若虫的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性和成虫的羧酸酯酶活性明显高于对照;苦参碱处理的解毒酶活性增强最不明显,仅引起3种虫态的谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性、1龄若虫的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性较对照显著增强。1,5龄若虫和成虫不同虫态相比,药剂处理后的5龄若虫体内解毒酶活性高于成虫和1龄若虫。

Toxicities of matrine, avermectin and Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） against Corythucha ciliata were evaluated in laboratory by leaf-dip method. The results showed that matrine had the highest toxicity among the three reagents, and the l,C50 to 1st nymph, 5th nymph and adults of C. ciliata were 0. 195 7, 194.9 and 197.3 mg·L-1, respectively. The LCs0 ofavermectin for three ages＇ insects were 10.66, 420.5 and 472.0 mg·L-1, and that of BT were 3.23,1 414.2 and 6 967.2 mg·L-1. The influence of three pesticides on detoxification enzymes was also detected and the results indicated the activities of carboxylesterase （CarE）, acetylcholinesterase （ACHE） and glutathione-s-transferase （GST） in the BT- treated insects were significantly higher than those in the control. The GST activity of three development stages, the CarE activity Of adult and the AchE activity of 1st nymph with avermectin treatment were significantly higher than the control. The GST activity of three development stages and the AchE activity of 1st nymph treated with matrine were significantly higher than the control. The activities of CarE, AChE and GST were different among development stages of C. ciliata.