基于Ansys的数控车床导轨热变形研究

Study on Thermal Deformation of Numerical Control Lathe's Slide Guide Based on ANSYS

导轨热变形是影响高精数控车床加工精度的重要因素。为了实现工件快速定位,需要工作台与刀架在导轨上快速移动,工作台与导轨摩擦会产生大量摩擦热,导致导轨热变形。为研究往复运动所产生的摩擦热对导轨热变形的影响,结合ANSYS有限元软件,采用顺序耦合分析中的物理环境方法对导轨进行热结构耦合分析,探讨了导轨X方向上的变形量。结果表明:车床导轨外侧面x方向位移大,内侧面位移小,是影响工件加工精度的重要原因;摩擦面外侧底部x位移最大,是影响车床导轨热变形的最主要部位。

Thermal deformation of slide guide is the important factor to affect machining accuracy of high-precision CNC lathe.In order to locate quickly,it need workbench and tool carrier move fast on the slide guide,which would produce large amount of friction heat between workbench and the slide guide,and lead to thermal deformation of slide guide.To research the influence of friction heat generated by reciprocating motion on slide guide thermal deformation,physics-environment method of sequentially coupling was used to analyze thermal-structure coupling with the software ANSYS,the deformation of x direction was discussed.The result show that the displacement of the x direction of Lathe guide＇s outside edge is larger than that of inside,which is the important reason affecting the machining accuracy;the x displacement of the friction surface outside bottom is the largest,which is the main parts affecting the thermal deformation of lathe guide.