工作场所欺负与员工抑郁和工作满意度:应对方式的调节作用

Workplace bullying,employees' depression and job satisfaction:Moderating effect of coping strategies

目的:考察工作场所欺负与员工抑郁和工作满意度之间的关系,以及应对方式在其中的调节作用,以明确工作场所欺负的相关因素以及不同应对方式的应对效果。方法:以工作半年以上的企业全职员工为调查对象,采用团体匿名施测的方式发放负性行为事件问卷修订版(用来考察工作场所欺负,包括工作相关欺负和个人相关欺负2个维度)、自编欺负应对方式问卷(包括自我提升、反欺负、问题解决和回避4个维度)、抑郁问卷和密歇根组织评估问卷工作满意度分量表(MOAQ-JSS),共获有效问卷240份。结果:欺负总分及工作相关欺负、个人相关欺负分量表分均与抑郁问卷得分呈正相关(r=0.29、0.26、0.27,P<0.01),而与工作满意度得分呈负相关(r=-0.23、-0.20、-0.22,P<0.01)。自我提升型应对方式在工作场所欺负和抑郁(ΔF=9.79,P<0.01)、工作满意度(ΔF=5.57,P<0.05)之间起调节作用。自我提升得分越低,欺负对抑郁、工作满意度的预测效应越强(β=-0.52,P<0.01)。结论:工作场所欺负的存在可能会损害员工心理健康和工作满意度,使其抑郁水平上升、工作满意度下降,但自我提升型应对方式可以缓冲欺负的负面作用。

Objective： To clarify the outcomes of workplace bullying and the effect of different coping strategies, the current study examined the relationships among workplace bullying, depression and job satisfaction as well as the moderating effect of coping strategies in aforesaid relationships. Methods： Totally 240 employees who had worked for more than 6 months were sampled, and they anonymously finished the Negative Acts Questionnaire （NAQ）, Bullying Coping Strategies Scale （ BCSS, including self-enhancement, anti-bullying, problem solving and a- voiding）, Depression Scale, and Michigan Organizational Assessment Questionnaire Job Satisfaction Subscale （MOAQ-JSS）. Results： The scores of BCSS were positively correlated with scores of Depression Scale （ r = 0. 29, 0. 26,0. 27; Ps 〈0. 01） and negatively correlated with MOAQ-JSS total scores （r = -0. 23, P 〈0. 01）. The effects of workplace bullying on depression （AF =9.79, P 〈0. I）l） and job satisfaction （AF =5.57, P 〈0. 05） were mod- erated by self-improvement coping style. The lower the ＂self-improvement coping＂ scores were, the more negative effects of workplace bullying on depression and job satisfaction was （fl = - O. 52, P 〈 O. O1 ）. Conclusion： It sug- gests that workplace bullying could increase employees＂ depression and decrease their job satisfaction, while these effects may be buffered by ＂self-improvement＂ coping style.