成人对父母的依恋经历调查问卷的编制

Development of Adult-to-parental Attachment Experience Survey

目的:编制成人对父母的依恋经历调查问卷(AAES),评估成人在儿童期与父母的依恋关系。方法:根据Main等提出的经典的成人依恋访谈技术编制成人对父母的依恋经历调查问卷。选取≥18岁成人受试844人,通过项目分析和验证性因素分析确定问卷最终结构。采用孤独分类量表(DLS)中的家庭孤独分量表和自尊量表(SES)为效标。随机选取其中152名受试在两周之后进行重测。结果:问卷共36个条目,包括安全型,过度投入型,淡漠型和未解决型4个分量表。各拟和指数为χ2/df=2.18,GFI=0.92,TLI=0.90,CFI=0.91,IFI=0.91,RM SEA=0.04。依恋总分与家庭孤独分量表得分呈负相关(r=-0.29),而与SES得分呈正相关(r=0.29),均P<0.01。总量表的Cronbachα系数为0.81,各分量表α系数为0.51～0.72;总量表的重测信度为0.84,各分量表重测信度为0.69～0.86。结论:本研究编制的成人对父母的依恋经历调查问卷结构清晰,信效度指标符合测量学要求,可供成人的依恋研究和实际应用。

Objective： To develop the Adult-to-parental Attachment Experience Survey （AAES）, for assessing adult attachment relationship in childhood with parents. Methods： According to Main＇s Adult Attachment Interviews, the survey was given to 844 adults who were selected by convenient sampling. Item analysis and confirmato- ry factor analysis were used to determine the final structure of the questionnaire. The family loneliness subscale of Differential Loneliness Scale （DLS） and Self-Esteem Scale （SES） were used as criterion. Totally 152 subjects randomly selected were retested after two weeks. Results： The AAES consisted of 36 items of 4 factors including secure-autonomous, dismissing, preoccupied and unresolved. Confirmatory factor analysis results were X^2/df = 2. 18, GFI =0. 92, TLI =0. 90, CFI =0. 91, IFI =0. 91, and RMSEA =0.04. The AAES total scores were negatively correlated with scores of family loneliness （r = -0. 29, P 〈 0. 01） and positively correlated with SES total scores （r = 0. 29, P 〈0.01）. The a coefficient was 0. 81 and its four factors were 0. 51 - 0.72, the test-retest coefficient was 0. 84 and its four factors were 0. 69 - 0. 86. Conclusion： It suggests that the reliability and validity of AAES are qualified enough for relevant research and applications for adults.