外商直接投资就业效应的经济学分析

Economic analysis of the employment effect of Foreign Direct Investment

外商直接投资(FDI)与就业之间的联系受到各种宏观和微观因素的综合影响,因而难以完整的评价FDI的就业效应。基于"两缺口"模型、投资乘数原理、就业理论以及经济增长理论对FDI就业效应的定性研究及影响机理分析得出,外商直接投资能够通过直接和间接影响增加就业机会,一定程度上对东道国具有积极的就业创造效应。建议东道国通过调整本国的宏观政策以吸引更多的外商直接投资,从而创造就业机会并提高就业水平。

As the association between Foreign Direct Investment （FDI） and employment is comprehensively affected by various macro and micro factors, it is difficult to make an intact evaluation of the effect of FDI on employment. Based on a qualitative study of affecting mechanisms of the ＂Two - gap＂ model, investment multiplier principle, employment the- ory and economic growth theory on the effect of FDI on employment, we arrive at a conclusion that the FDI is able to in- crease the employment chances through direct and indirect effects, and has an active job creation effect on the host coun- try. We propose that the host country should attract more FDI through regulating its domestic macro policies, thus crea- ting employment chances and raise employment level.