盐下油气藏勘探开发现状与发展趋势

Present situation and development trend of under-salt reservoirs

盐下油气资源作为当前世界油气工业极为重要的储量增长点和战略接替区,已经显示出巨大的勘探潜力和良好的勘探前景。在调研大量相关文献的基础上,对盐下油气成藏的地质条件、成藏主控因素、存在问题和发展趋势进行了系统研究。结果表明:盐下油气成藏条件较为优越,其烃源岩有机质丰度高,类型好,其储层储集和渗滤空间主要以粒间孔隙和溶蚀孔洞、裂缝为主,盖层岩性主要为蒸发岩类,封堵油气效果明显;构造作用和次生作用是盐下油气成藏的主控因素;盐下油气藏在勘探和开发上面临各种技术难题,进一步加强盐下油气成藏基础理论研究,有针对性地进行盐下油气勘探和开发的科技攻关,对盐下油气藏的勘探与开发具有重要意义。

Under-salt oil and gas resources have presented huge exploration potential and good prospecting as an important reserve growth point and strategic substitution in world oil industry. Based on extensive investigation of related literatures,systematical study has been conducted for under-salt reservoir in respects of geological condition,main controlling factors on hydrocarbon accumulation,existed problems and development trend. The results show that reservoir forming conditions are superior for under-salt reservoirs,such as high abundance and favorable type of organic matters,with the dominant reservoir and percolation spaces being intergranular pores,dissolved pores and structural cracks,and with evaporate being the dominant cap rock which is effective in sealing oil and gas. The main controlling factors of under-salt reservoirs include tectonic action and secondary action. There are many technical problems in exploration and development of under-salt reservoirs. It is very important to further strengthen researches on basic theory and tackle key problems in under-salt reservoir exploration and development.