论蒙元时期乌江流域的民族分布与政府经略

The National Distribution and Government Management of the Wujiang River Basin in the Yuan Dynasty

中国西南的乌江流域地区,因长期远离中土且资源丰硕,历来是彝、苗、布依、土家、仡佬、侗等少数民族杂居之地。自元朝实现国家一统以来,封建朝廷对乌江流域的统治与经营较之前朝更为广泛深入。蒙元统治者不仅通过置设行省机构、推行土官制度等举措,极力强化当地的政治集权控制,而且还通过建立站赤驿道、开展军民屯田等方略,有力推动着当地的经济社会繁荣。

The Wujiang River basin in the southwest China, because of its abundant resource and far away from the middle part, has always been the place where the national minority lived together, such as Yi, Miao, Buyi, Tujia, Gelao, Dong and so on. Since Yuan Dynasty realized the national unification, the federal dynasty ruled the Wujiang River basin more extensively than before. The Yuan rulers strengthened the local political centralization control not only through establishing provincial organization and practicing government officials, but also through building courier station and carrying out having garrison troops or peasants open up wasteland and grow food grain, vigorously promoted the local economy prosperity.