城乡建设用地增减挂钩相关研究进展

Research Progress with regard to the Linkage of Increase in Urban Land for Construction Purposes and the Reduction of Rural Land for Building

开展城乡建设用地增减挂钩是城乡统筹发展的需要,是土地集约利用的需要,是社会主义新农村建设的需求。增减挂钩模式主要有小城镇建设模式和社区建设模式两种。增减挂钩运作模式主要有政府主导型、市场主导型和农村集体自主型三种。增减挂钩的主要阻力来自:土地制度的束缚,整合资金的缺乏,农民意愿的不足,村镇体系规划的滞后。国内城乡建设用地增减挂钩的主要经验有:将村庄体系规划纳入城镇体系规划进行统一考虑、总体布局,形成"中心城市—一般城市—中心镇—一般镇—中心村"的城镇村规划等级;城乡统筹为村庄整合的实施提供机遇,宅基地换房、承包地换保、土地作价入股等新创举,为推动增减挂钩、村庄整合提供了新思路。

Carrying out the linkage of increase in urban land for construction purposes and the reduction of rural land for building is the need for urban and rural co-ordinate development,intensive use of land,and the construction of the new socialist countryside.This paper mainly introduces small town building model and community building model;and the operating model,such as government-led model,market-oriented model and rural collective self-determination.It analyses the main obstacles,including:land system's fetter,lack of integration of funds,the shortage of the farmers' will,and the lag of the town system planning.Then this paper offers the major experiences:brining village system planning into urban system planning,and carrying on unification consideration and overall arrangements so as to form the planning level of central city-general city-central town-common town-key village;and some initiatives provide new ideas for promoting increase or decrease linkage and village integration,such as presenting village integration with opportunities based on overall planning of urban and rural areas;exchanging homestead for house,using contracted land for urban social-security,buying a share in the form of land use rights at certain value.