初级汉语综合课教材选词考察

Research into Vocabularies of Chinese Elementary Intensive Reading Textbooks

本文考察了国内外8部初级汉语综合课教材的课文词汇。国内、国外横向对比发现,国外教材的词汇等级比较符合《汉语水平词汇与汉字等级大纲》的要求,更接近母语者词汇使用状况。国内、国外内部考察发现,课文词汇数量方面,不同教材(尤其是国内教材)的差别较大。考察共选词发现,初级该教哪些词,不同编者存在较大分歧。本文最后提出了减少分歧、扩大共识的若干有效途径。

This paper analyzes vocabularies in the texts of 8 series of Chinese elementary intensive reading textbooks and finds that the overseas textbooks constitute a higher percentage of high frequency words, and that they match the elementary wordlist of Syllabus better. Detailed analysis among different textbooks, especially among domestic textbooks, reveals that the quantities of vocab ularies vary widely, which shows different opinions of compliers on how many words should be taught at elementary level. And it is also reported that the number of the common vocabulary among text books is quite small, which shows that compliers also have different opinions on what words should be taught at elementary level. To minimize these differences, compliers are suggested to refer to the elementary wordlist of Syllabus standard, the common vocabulary of textbooks and the words with high frequency.