中高级留学生汉语量词习得的调查与分析

A Survey and Analysis of Acquisition Errors of Measure Words

本文通过问卷调查考察留学生的量词习得情况,结果发现:名量词的习得情况好于动量词,而动量词又好于借用量词;高频量词的习得情况好于低频量词。学生的偏误类型主要有:过度泛化,尚未建立量词与名词的双向选择组合群,尚未建立动作与动量、事物与借用量间的语义关联,无法区分同一名词前不同量词的语义差异。本文最后提出了相应的教学策略。

This paper explores the acquisition of Measure Words （MWs） by international students through an examination paper. The result shows that the acquisition of nominal MWs is better than verbal WMs ; the acquisition of verbal MWs is better than borrowed WMs ; the acquisition of frequently-used MWs is better than seldom-used MWs. The types of errors include overgeneralization, failure to establish mutual selection between MWs and nouns, failure to establish semantic connection between actions and MWs or borrowed MWs, failure to differentiate the meaning of different MWs before a same noun. Related teaching strategies are proposed accordingly.