六价铬污染地下水和重铬酸钾染毒对小鼠肝脏和血糖的影响及维生素C的干预作用

The effect of the hexavalent chromium-polluted groundwater and potassium dichromate exposure on the blood glucose and livers of the mice as well as the antagonistic action of vitamin C

目的了解六价铬[C(rⅥ)]污染地区地下水对小鼠肝脏、血糖的影响和维生素C(VitC)的干预作用。方法将80只健康6～8周龄清洁级雄性昆明小鼠随机分为8组,分别为对照(蒸馏水)组、铬污染的井水[采自某被污染的地下水,Cr(Ⅵ)含量为12.35 mg/L]组和34.91[C(rⅥ)含量为12.35 mg/L]、349.1、698.2、1 396.4 mg/L重铬酸钾单独染毒组以及VitC(100 mg/ml)+698.2、1396.4 mg/L重铬酸钾联合作用组,每组10只。采用经口灌胃方式进行染毒,重铬酸钾和井水组的染毒容量为25 ml/kg;VitC的染毒容量为5 ml/kg,0.5 h后再进行重铬酸钾染毒。连续染毒30 d。染毒结束后,测定血清天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)、谷丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)活力和血糖(Glu)含量及肝脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)含量。结果与对照组比较,井水组和不同浓度重铬酸钾单独染毒组小鼠血清AST、ALT活力和肝脏MDA含量均较高,肝脏SOD活力、GSH含量和血清Glu含量较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而经Vit C预处理各组小鼠血清AST、ALT活力和Glu含量及肝脏SOD活力和GSH、MDA含量无显著变化;且随着重铬酸钾染毒浓度的升高,小鼠血清AST、ALT活力及肝脏MDA含量呈上升趋势,肝脏SOD活力和GSH含量呈下降趋势。与相同浓度重铬酸钾单独染毒组比较,经VitC预处理各组小鼠血清AST、ALT活力和肝脏MDA含量均较低,血清Glu含量及肝脏SOD活力和GSH含量均较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与34.91 mg/L重铬酸钾单独染毒组比较,井水组小鼠血清AST、ALT活力和肝脏MDA含量均较高,血清Glu含量及肝脏SOD活力和GSH含量均较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 C(rⅥ)污染地区地下水可引起小鼠肝脏的损伤,且可能存在其他重金属污染;而Vit C对于重铬酸钾所致肝损伤有一定的拮抗作用。

Objective To explore the effect of chromium（ Ⅵ ）[Cr（ Ⅵ ）] polluted groundwater on the liver and blood glucose （Glu） of the mice and the interference of vitamin C （Vit C）. Methods A total of 80 healthy and clean male Kunming mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into eight groups： the control group （distilled water）, the chromium polluted well water group with 12.35 mg/L[Cr（ Ⅵ ）] which was collected from somewhere polluted, potassium dichromate alone groups with different concentration of 34.91 （12.35 mg/L[Cr（Ⅵ ）]）, 349.1, 698.2, 1 396.4 mg/L and combined action groups with Vit C （100 mg/ml）＋ 698.2 and 1 396.4 mg/L potassium dichromate, ten rats in each group. The Cr（ Wl ） exposure in all groups was conducted through gavage. The potassium dichromate groups and the groundwater group were exposed at a dose of 25 ml/kg body weight. Vit C groups were exposed at a dose of 5 ml/kg body weight firstly, then exposed to potassium dichromate half an hour later. The exposure lasted for 30 consecutive days. After the exposure was finished, the content of AST, ALT activity, Glu, SOD activity, GSH and MDA content were tested. Results Compared with control group, AST and ALT activity and MDA content in liver tissue were significantly higher and SOD activity, GSH and Glu content were significantly lower in the groundwater group and groups treated with different concentration of potassium dichromate alone （P〈0.05）. No significant change was seen in the AST, ALT activity, Glu, SOD activity, GSH and MDA content in the Vit C pretreated groups. As the concentration of potassium dichromate increased, the AST, ALT activity and MDA content increased, and SOD activity and GSH decreased. Compared with the same concentration of potassium dichromate alone groups, AST, ALT activity and MDA content in Vit C pretreated groups were lower and the levels of Glu, SOD activity and GSH content were higher （P〈0.05）. Compared with 34.91 mg/L potassium dichromate alone group, AST, ALT activity and MDA content in the groundwater group were higher and the levels of Glu, SOD activity in liver and GSH content were lower（P〈0.05）. Conclusion The Cr（Ⅵ ） polluted groundwater can cause liver damage in mice and Vit C has antagonism on the liver damage caused by potassium dichromate.