深圳大运会期间车辆限行对空气污染物浓度的影响

Influence of traffic restriction on air quality during The 2011 Universiade in Shenzhen

目的评价车辆限行措施对城市环境的影响。方法基于深圳大运会期间(2011年8月12—23日)车辆限行措施,利用气候相似年份和相同天气形势下的城市资料对比,扣除气象要素影响,分析车辆限行对城市大气污染物浓度的影响。结果大运会期间SO2、NO2和PM10浓度较历史同期明显偏低;扣除气象条件影响后,SO2、NO2、PM10浓度较气候相似年份降幅分别为11%,6%,40%;进一步与位于相似的天气背景和大气污染扩散背景下的周边城市相比,深圳地区PM10、PM2.5和PM1.0值较低,且没有明显的日变化,O3浓度的日变化峰值较周边城市低。结论车辆限行能有效改善城市大气环境质量,对污染物低浓度峰值的维持有一定作用。

Objective To explore the effect of air pollution from vehicle emission on the urban environment after introduction of traffic restriction measure. Methods When many special pollution-curbing measures were implemented during The 2011 Universiade in Shenzhen to improve air quality. Based on the vehicle limit line measures, the climate-substrate similarity theory and urban data comparison under the same weather situation were used to deducting the meteorologieal factors, and to analyse the effects of traffic restriction on ambient air. Results The results showed that SO2, NO2 and PM10 concentrations had a lower value than the same period in the history. Deducting the influence of meteorological conditions, SO2, NO2, PM10 concentrations decreased by 11%, 6% and 40% respectively, compared with those in the same period of 2010 which had the similar meteorological conditions, indicating the vehicle limit line did contribute significantly to improving city environment. Compared with the surrounding cities with the same weather background and atmospheric pollution condition, the PM （PM1.0, PM2.5 ,PM10） concentrations was low, and there was no obvious diurnal variation. Meanwhile, daily variation of O3 concentration peak was lower than those of the surrounding cities. Conclusion The traffic restrictions can effectively improve the air quality in cities, and also have a role in the maintenance of low concentrations of pollutants peak.