基于不安全行为的金属非金属矿山事故原因分析

Accident Reasons Analysis of Metal and Nonmetal Mines Based on Unsafe Behavior

传统的矿山事故原因分析局限于对作业人员的"违章操作"等不安全行为的分析研究,而未深究事故背后的深层原因。基于我国金属非金属矿山安全生产的基本情况,提出从事故发生的直接原因、间接原因和本质原因出发分析矿山事故发生的原因。从广义不安全行为的角度,论述作为矿山事故发生的主要原因之一的不安全行为,包括个体层面的不安全作业行为、矿山企业层面的不安全管理行为以及政府层面的不安全决策行为,分类例举了3类49种不安全行为;基于人的行为产生机理,从个体因素、企业因素、社会因素等方面探讨了不安全行为的影响因素,建立了不安全行为影响因素模型;从各级人员不安全行为的角度分析了金属非金属矿山事故发生的原因,为建立深层次的事故预防机制进行了有益探索。

Traditional mine accident reasons analysis is limited to the unsafe behaviors from workers, such as peccancy operation, without going into the underlying causes behind the accident. Based on the safety production condition of metal and nonmetal mines, this paper proposes to analyze accident causes by the direct reason, the indirect reason and the essential reason of the accident in mines. In a broad sense, unsafe behaviors as one of the major reasons of mine accident are discussed, including unsafe working behaviors at the individual level, unsafe management behaviors at the enterprise level and unsafe decision - making behaviors at the government level. 49 kinds of unsafe behaviors divided in 3 classes are enumerated. Based on the mechanism of human behaviors, the influencing factors of unsafe behaviors are investigated from individual factors, enterprise factorsand social factors and so on, and the model of factors is established. Accident reasons of metal and nonmetal mines are analyzed from the perspective of unsafe behaviors at all levels, which provides beneficial research to establish deep - level accident prevention mechanism.