基于完全成本的碳酸稀土理论价格研究——兼论中国稀土资源定价机制改革

Theoretical Price of Rare Earth Carbonate Based on Full Cost: Analysis on the Reform of Pricing Mechanism of Rare Earth Resources in China

文章基于完全成本核算了2008-2010年碳酸稀土的理论价格,并与国内市场价格和出口价格进行了比较。研究发现,碳酸稀土的国内价格严重偏离其理论价格,市场价格严重扭曲。出口管制政策是校正稀土市场价格扭曲、弥补稀土资源折耗成本和生态环境外部成本补偿不足的一种手段,为我国政府在本次稀土国际贸易争端中提出出口管制政策是"基于保护资源和环境的考虑,为实现可持续发展"的观点提供了经验支持。破解当前稀土生产与出口内外困局的关键是改革稀土资源价格形成机制。文章提出了按照市场化原则和WTO规则改革稀土资源定价机制的政策建议。

This paper calculates the theoretical price of rare earth car bonate from 2008 to 2010 based on full cost, and compares it with domestic market price and export price. It shows that the domestic price of rare earth carbonate seriously deviates from the theoretical price and is severely distort ed. Export control policy on rare earth carbonate is a way to correct the dis torted market price of rare earth carbonate and make up the insufficient com pensation for the depletion cost of rare earth resources and the environmen tal externality cost, providing support for the viewpoint raised by Chinese government in this dispute over international trade of rare earth resources, that is to say, export control policy is based on the protection of resources and the environment and aims to realize sustainable development. The key to the solution to the predicament of the production and export of rare earth re sources is the reform of pricing mechanism of rare earth resources. There fore, this paper submits the policy suggestion on the reform of pricing mech anism of rare earth resources according to the principle of marketization and WTO rules.