明代西安下马陵方位变迁考——兼论董仲舒墓所在地之争

Vicissitude on position of Xia Ma Ling in Xi’an in Ming Dynasty and the dispute of the location of the Dong, Zhongshu’s tomb

拙文详考了明代西安下马陵从城南胭脂坡处演变为地处城内今和平门内西侧的过程,并且指出,正德初年陕西提学王云凤曾组织民力修筑城南下马陵和董子祠。嘉靖三年(1524年)陕西巡抚王珝与巡按御史喻茂坚首设城内董子祠,因其处原有墓,遂被时人认作董仲舒墓。笔者认为今之董墓所在之争在无可信证据前提下展开,并无意义。

This article thoroughly studied how Xia Ma Ling （下马陵） was relocated from Yan Zhi Po （胭脂坡） in southern Xi’an to the current place at west of He Ping Gate （和平门） in Xi’an in Ming Dynasty. It also pointed out that the Education Officer （提学） of Shaanxi Province Wang Yunfeng （王云凤） gathered people to build Xia Ma Ling in the southern city from 1506 AD （正德初年）. The Provincial Governor （巡抚） of ShaanXi Province Wang Xu （王珝） and the Partrol Recorder （巡按御史） of ShaanXi Province Yu Maojian（喻茂坚） first built Temple of Dongzi （董子祠） in the city at 1524 AD （嘉靖三年）. It was once believed that the tomb behind the temple was the tomb of Dong Zhongshu （董仲舒）. However, since original location of the tomb of Dong, Zhongshu is still under controversy and no solid evidence to support any argument, there is no point to discuss it further.