中国地表太阳辐射资源空间化模拟

Spatial Simulation of China's Land Surface Solar Radiation Resources

基于1981—2010年全国122个气象台站的太阳辐射和气温日较差观测数据,将Bristow-Campbell太阳辐射估算模型在中国八大自然区分别进行了参数校正和验证;利用地理信息空间分析平台,采用PRISM模型对中国区域平均最高与最低气温空间化的结果,将其输入Bristow-Campbell模型,实现太阳总辐射的空间栅格化模拟;通过斯忒藩-玻耳兹曼定律计算全国地表长波辐射平衡;进而根据太阳辐射平衡公式,得到中国地表太阳辐射平衡的空间格局。结果表明:经过校验的Bristow-Campbell可以较准确地估算中国区域太阳总辐射资源;基于Bristow-Camp-bell辐射估算模型,结合气象数据的空间化模型,是实现太阳净辐射资源空间化模拟的有效途径;我国地表太阳净辐射总体空间格局表现为高值区位于青藏高原,每年可达9 000 MJ.m-2,东部地区的净辐射年总量较低,东北稍高,浙闽地区稍低,低值区位于川黔地区,年平均约为2 000 MJ.m-2左右。

Based on observed solar radiation and daily range of temperature data from 122 stations during 1981-2010,the Bristow-Campbell radiation model was validated and calibrated in China＇s eight natural regions separately.Spatial pattern of the astronomical radiation was calculated by meteorological model through geographic information platform.Gridded maximum and minimum average temperature data was achieved using PRISM model.Then the astronomical radiation and temperature data were inputted into the parameterized Bristow-Campbell model,and the spatialization process was realized.Based on Stefan-Boltzmann Law,the national long-wave radiation balance was calculated,and then inputted into the solar radiation balance equation.After that,the spatial pattern of China＇s land surface solar radiation balance was simulated.Results show that Bristow-Campbell model can be well used to estimate China＇s solar radiation after calibration and validation.Bristow-Campbell solar radiation estimation model coupling with gridded meteorological data is an effective way for the spatial simulation of solar radiation resources.The spatial pattern of China＇s land surface solar radiation balance shows that the high-value area is in the Tibetan Plateau with over 9000 MJ·m^-2 each year.The total radiation balance in the eastern region is lower than the western where the northeastern region is slightly higher than Zhejiang and Fujian provinces.Sichuan and Guizhou are the low areas where the average radiation balance is about 2000 MJ·m^-2.