近10年南海波候特征分析及波浪能研究

WAVE CLIMATE AND WAVE ENERGY ANALYSIS OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA IN RECENT 10 YEARS

基于第三代海浪数值模式WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ,以QuikSCAT/NCEP混合风场为驱动场,得到南海1999年8月～2009年7月的海浪场,分析了近10年南海的波候及波浪能特征,为波浪发电的选址提供参考。研究发现:南海的海浪场、海表风场受季风影响显著,海浪场与海表风场具有较好的对应关系,尤其体现在南海南部海域;南海的海表风场、海浪场与nino3指数存在显著的负相关;南海极值风速、极值波高的大值区分布于南海北部海域;南海蕴藏着较丰富的波浪能资源,年均值能流密度在4～20kW/m,大部分海域2kW/m以上能流密度出现频率在70%以上,且大部分海域能流密度的变异系数在0.4以内,稳定性较好,利于波浪能的开发与利用。

The third-generation wave model WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ was used to simulation the waves from the year 1999 to 2009 with wind input of QuikSCAT/NCEP re-analysis data in the South China Sea. The characteristics of wave climate and wave energy were analyzed, which could be used to guide the wave energy power generation, especially choosing the suitable site. The results showed that the wind field and wave field were influenced by monsoon obviously. The wind field and wave field have better corresponding relation in the South China Sea, especially in the north waters. There are close relationships between wind field and nino3 index, wave field and nino3 index in the South China Sea. The large area of extreme wind speed and extreme wave height mainly were located in the north waters of the South China Sea. The South China Sea is rich in wave energy resources, the annual average energy density is 4-20kW/m, the frequency of energy density large than 2kW/m is above 70% in most area, and variation coefficient in most waters is below 0.40, which is benefit for the development of wave energy resources.