神经生长因子结合骨基质明胶修复兔颅骨缺损的实验研究

Experimental study on repair of rabbit skull defect with nerve growth factor combined with bone matrix gelatin

目的运用引导性骨再生技术,将结合神经生长因子的骨基质明胶与海藻酸钙膜联合使用,促进兔颅骨缺损的修复。方法将神经生长因子(NGF)与骨基质明胶(BMG)制成神经生长因子-骨基质明胶复合体(NGF-BMG)。48只新西兰兔的颅骨上制成双侧顶骨缺损,直径10mm,骨缺损区内外均覆盖海藻酸钙膜。随机分成A(NGF-BMG)组、B(BMG)组、C(NGF)组和D(空白)组4组。术后第4、8、12周作形态学观察、X线片图像分析、组织学观察及图像分析、生物力学检测及统计分析。结果术后4、8、12周,A组在新骨生成、X线片新生骨的灰度值、组织切片新生骨所占比例和三点抗弯强度方面,均优于B、C、D组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 (1)NGF-BMG复合体具有良好的生物相容性,既能持续释放NGF,又具有良好的修复骨缺损的能力;(2)NGF具有促进骨再生的作用,但单独使用无法在骨折部位达到有效浓度。

Objective To promote rabbit skull defect repair with combined use of bone matrix gelatin （BMG）-nerve growth factor （NGF） complex and calcium alginate film （CAF） by application of guided bone regeneration technique. Methods Complex of NGF and BMG （NGF-BMG） was made from NGF and BMG. Bilateral parietal defects with 10 mm diameter was performed in 48 New Zealand rabbits, which were divided into A （NGF-BMG）, B （BMG）, C （NGF） and D （control） group. Morphologic observation, X-ray image analysis, histological observation and image analysis, biomechanical testing and statistic analysis were carried out at 4, 8, 12 weeks after operation. Results The results of group A were better than those of group B, C and D in new bone formation, the grey value of regenerated new bone in X-ray image, proportion of new bone in tissue slice and three points bending strength, the differences were statistically significant （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion （1）Complex of NGF and BMG has excellent biocompatibility, which not only can gradually release NGF, but also has excellent ability of repair bone defects; （2）NGF has the function of promoting bone regeneration, however, it is unable to achieve the effective concentration in fracture position by single use.