施用硫肥和硒肥对茎瘤芥产量及抗氧化作用的影响

Effects of application of sulfur and selenium into stem mustard(Brassica juncea var.tumida) on its yield and antioxidation

【目的】了解不同硫、硒肥施用量对茎瘤芥(Brassica juncea var.tumida)干物质量,硫、硒含量及叶片保护酶活性和代谢物质含量的影响,以探明茎瘤芥对硫、硒肥的生理响应机制。【方法】以茎瘤芥"涪杂1号"为供试品种,采用盆栽试验研究了硫(S)(0,50,100mg/kg)、硒(Se)(0,1,3mg/kg)不同用量处理组合(S0Se0(CK)、S50Se1、S50Se3、S100Se1、S100Se3)对茎瘤芥不同部位干物质量和硫、硒积累及叶片抗氧化能力的影响。【结果】与S0Se0相比,施用硫、硒肥能明显提高茎瘤芥根、膨大茎和叶片及单株干物质量。施用硫、硒的处理均能明显提高茎瘤芥各部位对硫、硒的吸收与积累,且硫和硒主要积累在茎瘤芥地上部分膨大茎和叶中。施用硫、硒的处理明显提高了各部位的有机硒和无机硒含量,其中膨大茎和叶中的有机硒含量明显高于无机硒;5个处理中,S50Se3处理根、膨大茎和叶中的有机硒与无机硒含量均最高。超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性以S100Se1处理最高,谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(GSH-Px)活性以S50Se3处理最高;而抗坏血酸过氧化酶(APX)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随着硫、硒肥用量的增加变化不大。施用硫、硒肥后,茎瘤芥叶片中MDA含量较高,抗坏血酸(AsA)和过氧化氢(H2O2)含量较低。【结论】施用硫、硒肥能提高茎瘤芥单株干物质量,促进硒的吸收与积累,对SOD和GSH-Px活性及MDA含量有明显影响。综合分析认为,50mg/kg S+3mg/kg Se是硫、硒肥施用的最佳组合。

【Objective】 This study was conducted to investigate the potential feasibility of tuber mustard as a source of selenium（Se） on the base of the effect of relative treatments on the yield,accumulation of selenium and sulfur（S）,and antioxidation of tuber mustard.【Method】 ＂Fuza 1＂ as a experiment material,field trail was used.S（0,50,100 mg/kg） and Se（0,1,3 mg/kg） were combined to five groups,signed as S0Se0,S50Se1,S50Se3,S100Se1,S100Se3,and added to the soil,separately,where tuber mustard was grown.The effects of S and Se on plant dry weight（DW）,S and Se＇s contents in root,tuber,and leaf,and antioxidation of leaf,were investigated on the stem mustard.【Result】 The results showed that the dry weights of root,tuber,leaf,and total plant were all significantly increased when S and Se fertilizer was applied.Each treatment of addition of S and Se all could improve the absorption of S and Se,which was mostly accumulated in overground parts and the content of organic Se in leaf and tuber was higher than that of inorganic Se.The treatment of S50Se3 had the best effect on the accumulation of inorganic and organic Se.The activity of SOD was the highest in the treatment of S100Se1 and that of GSH-Px the highest in the S50Se3 treatment,while the activity of APX and CAT was low in each treatment.The content of MDA in leaf was largely higher than that of AsA and H2O2.【Conclusion】 S and Se fertilizer could facilitate mustard yield and the accumulation of S and Se in root,tuber and leaf.S and Se fertilizer mainly influenced the activity of SOD and GSH-Px.The group of S50Se3（50 mg/kg S＋3 mg/kg Se） was considered to be the optimal combination for application.